Restrictions on Library Usage

Your code should fully implement the algorithm using only the core Python language and its standard libraries, such as:

• math, statistics, matplotlib, csv, random
• Refer to the full list of core libraries here: Python Standard Library

Exceptions

You may use additional libraries only to load or represent your data, but avoid leveraging other functionalities in these libraries. Examples of permitted libraries and their allowed use cases include:

• pandas: Only for loading, representing, and accessing typical tabular datasets.
• numpy: Only for representing vectors and matrices.
  ⚠️ Do not use functions for matrix operations, linear algebra, or similar advanced features of numpy.

Libraries to Avoid

Do not use libraries that provide pre-built implementations of algorithms relevant to this coursework. These include:

• scikit-learn
• scipy
• numpy.linalg

The aim is to ensure you implement the core logic of the algorithms yourself without relying on external libraries that handle it for you.

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